Definition of Narrative Text
Narrative text is one type of text that tells a series of events with a chronological system or interconnected. Narrative text is generally imaginative, aka not real or in the form of the imagination of the author.
Oh yes, this text is often equated with English short stories. Maybe it's not wrong, but there are some differences too, lo. Check the difference through the English short story article: Definition, Structure, Characteristics, and Examples.
Then, can fiction novels be said to be narrative texts? Yep, a story in a fictional novel can be said to be a narrative text. This text is also often used as a story to do English story telling.
Purpose of Narrative Text
The social function of narrative text is to entertain the audience or readers. Therefore, this type of text is suitable for small children as well as teenagers and adults. The purpose of narrative text is the same as recount text, lo. However, narrative text is an imaginary story, while recount text is a real story. You can read the full article in the Recount Text article: Definition, Structure, Types, and Examples
Difference between Narrative Text and Descriptive Text
If you have read the explanation article about descriptive text, of course it will be easy to answer what is the difference between narrative text and descriptive text. Here are some of the differences:
1. The form of storytelling
In narrative text, the story is presented sequentially from one incident to another so as to form a unified story. Meanwhile, descriptive text focuses more on describing an object in detail.
2. Storytelling model
If you pay attention, narrative texts always tell about a topic carried out by characters (actors) with various characters. Therefore, in this text there is a conflict or cause and effect event.
Well, this is certainly different from the description text which tends to be more structured and detailed in explaining something.
3. Traits
In narrative text, the author will write a complete story with a sequence of events. Because it is fictional, the traits that will appear can be explicit or implicit, depending on the author's point of view.
Descriptive text tends to describe an object in detail, which is clear later in it will contain many adjectives.
4. The purpose of the text
In addition to entertaining the reader, another purpose of narrative text is for the reader to gain new knowledge, benefits, or lessons.
Meanwhile, descriptive text aims more so that the reader can clearly imagine the object described by the author.
Generic Structure of Narrative Text
There are three structures of narrative text that you need to pay attention to if you want to create or read a narrative text, namely:
1.Orientation
In Indonesian, orientation means introduction. So, in the initial paragraph, narrative text usually contains the introduction of the characters and settings involved in the content of the story. In this case, the setting can be the scene as well as the time of the story.
2. Complications
This section will begin to enter the paragraph that tells about the beginning of the problem of an event or incident. Because it is chronological in nature, the problems that arise at the beginning will continue to be a series of long storylines that contain conflict, climax, and anti-climax. Oh yes, to make it easier for you, here's the arrangement in complications:
Problem, which is a paragraph or sentence that begins to lead to the problem of a story.
Conflict, more complex, after there is a problem, then the story will continue to conflict. In this section, the audience will be curious about what happened between one character and another.
Climax, which is the peak of the conflict which is the main focus in narrative text.
Anti-climax, in Indonesian, this section is also known as conflict reduction. So, the conflict will decrease slowly.
Solution, as the name implies, which is a solution, then the paragraph in the solution section will explain the resolution of the conflict that has been described previously.
In this case, complications are divided into three conflicts, namely:
Natural conflict, natural or inter-universe conflict.
Social conflict, conflict between characters or actors.
Psychological conflict, inner conflict or self.
3. Resolution
Resolution is the end of the story or the conclusion of the story. This paragraph can be a further explanation of the solution. In this section, the writer can also describe whether the narrative text that is made will end with a sad ending or a happy ending.
4. Re-orientation
Actually, this structure is not mandatory in narrative text. However, generally the sentences in this paragraph will tell the final condition of the character in the story, or it can also contain lessons and moral messages that can be taken by the reader to be implemented in real life.
Example: Sangkuriang
Once, there was a kingdom in Priangan Land. Lived a happy family. They were a father in form of dog, his name is Tumang, a mother which was called is Dayang Sumbi, and a child which was called Sangkuriang. One day, Dayang Sumbi asked her son to go hunting with his lovely dog, Tumang. After hunting all day, Sangkuriang began desperate and worried because he hunted no deer. Then he thought to shot his own dog. After that, he took the dog liver and carried home.
Soon Dayang Sumbi found out that it was not deer lever but Tumang's, his own dog. So, She was very angry and hit Sangkuriang's head. In that incident, Sangkuriang got wounded and scar then cast away from their home.
Years go bye, Sangkuriang had travel many places and finally arrived at a village. He met a beautiful woman and felt in love with her. When they were discussing their wedding plans, The woman looked at the wound in Sangkuriang's head. It matched to her son's wound who had left several years earlier. Soon she realized that she felt in love with her own son.
She couldn't marry him, but how to say it? Then, she found the way. She needed a lake and a boat for celebrating their wedding day. Sangkuriang had to make them in one night before sunrise. He built a lake. With a dawn just moment away and the boat was almost complete. Dayang Sumbi had to stop it. Then, she lit up the eastern horizon with flashes of light. It made the cock crowed for a new day.
Sangkuriang failed to marry her. He was very angry and kicked the boat. It felt over and became the mountain of Tangkuban Perahu Bandung.
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